Khanmigo：可汗学院AI个性化辅导产品

class KhanmigoTutor:    def __init__(self, student_name, subject):        self.student = student_name        self.subject = subject        self.knowledge_state = {}        self.conversation = []        def assess_level(self, topic, score):        self.knowledge_state[topic] = {'score': score, 'level': 'advanced' if score >= 0.8 else 'intermediate' if score >= 0.5 else 'beginner'}        def generate_socratic_prompt(self, topic, student_answer):        level = self.knowledge_state.get(topic, {}).get('level', 'beginner')        if student_answer == 'correct':            return f'很好！你能解释一下为什么这样做的吗？'        elif level == 'beginner':            return f'让我们从基础开始。{topic}的定义是什么？'        else:            return f'你的思路接近了，但有一个关键步骤遗漏了。能重新检查第二步吗？'        def safety_check(self, query):        blocked = ['write essay', 'do my homework', 'write paper']        return not any(b in query.lower() for b in blocked) tutor = KhanmigoTutor('小明', '代数')tutor.assess_level('一元方程', 0.3)print(tutor.generate_socratic_prompt('一元方程', 'wrong'))print(f'Safety check: {tutor.safety_check("help me solve x+2=5")}')

class SocraticDialogue:    def __init__(self):        self.hint_granularity = 'medium'        self.consecutive_errors = 0        def evaluate_answer(self, student_answer, expected_steps):        if student_answer == expected_steps[-1]:            return 'correct'        elif student_answer in expected_steps:            return 'partial'        else:            return 'incorrect'        def adjust_hint(self, evaluation, student_level):        if evaluation == 'correct':            self.consecutive_errors = 0            return 'advance'        elif evaluation == 'partial':            return f'方向正确，但还需要一步。想想接下来该做什么？'        else:            self.consecutive_errors += 1            if self.consecutive_errors >= 3:                self.hint_granularity = 'detailed'                return '让我们退一步，先回顾基础概念。'            if self.hint_granularity == 'detailed':                return '具体提示：先处理等号左边的项。'            return '再想想，这个问题的关键是什么？'        def dialogue_flow(self, problem, student_answers):        steps = ['identify_variable', 'isolate_term', 'solve', 'verify']        results = []        for ans in student_answers:            ev = self.evaluate_answer(ans, steps)            hint = self.adjust_hint(ev, 'intermediate')            results.append({'answer': ans, 'evaluation': ev, 'hint': hint})        return results dialogue = SocraticDialogue()flow = dialogue.dialogue_flow('2x+3=7', ['wrong', 'wrong', 'wrong', 'x=2'])for r in flow:    print(r)

class PersonalizedPath:    def __init__(self):        self.knowledge_graph = {            'algebra_expr': {'prereqs': [], 'mastery': 0},            'linear_eq': {'prereqs': ['algebra_expr'], 'mastery': 0},            'quadratic_eq': {'prereqs': ['linear_eq', 'factoring'], 'mastery': 0},            'factoring': {'prereqs': ['algebra_expr'], 'mastery': 0}        }        def update_mastery(self, topic, correct, total):        self.knowledge_graph[topic]['mastery'] = correct / total if total > 0 else 0        def find_weakness(self, topic):        node = self.knowledge_graph[topic]        if node['mastery'] < 0.6:            for prereq in node['prereqs']:                if self.knowledge_graph[prereq]['mastery'] < 0.6:                    return prereq            return topic        return None        def generate_path(self, target_topic):        weak = self.find_weakness(target_topic)        if weak and weak != target_topic:            return f'先复习{weak}，再学习{target_topic}'        return f'直接学习{target_topic}'        def adaptive_difficulty(self, recent_accuracy):        if recent_accuracy > 0.8:            return 'increase'        elif recent_accuracy < 0.5:            return 'decrease'        return 'maintain' path = PersonalizedPath()path.update_mastery('algebra_expr', 8, 10)path.update_mastery('factoring', 3, 10)path.update_mastery('linear_eq', 7, 10)path.update_mastery('quadratic_eq', 2, 10)print(path.generate_path('quadratic_eq'))print(path.adaptive_difficulty(0.3))

class SubjectManager:    def __init__(self):        self.subjects = {            'math': {'topics': ['arithmetic', 'algebra', 'geometry', 'calculus'], 'levels': 4},            'science': {'topics': ['physics', 'chemistry', 'biology'], 'levels': 3},            'cs': {'topics': ['programming', 'algorithms', 'data_structures'], 'levels': 3},            'humanities': {'topics': ['history', 'art', 'writing'], 'levels': 3}        }        self.cross_links = [            {'from': ('science', 'physics', 'kinematics'), 'to': ('math', 'algebra', 'functions')},            {'from': ('science', 'chemistry', 'stoichiometry'), 'to': ('math', 'algebra', 'equations')}        ]        def find_cross_links(self, subject, topic):        return [link for link in self.cross_links if link['from'][0] == subject and link['from'][2] == topic]        def adapt_for_age(self, grade, content):        if grade <= 5:            return content + ' (游戏化场景)'        elif grade <= 9:            return content + ' (考试导向)'        else:            return content + ' (实际应用)' mgr = SubjectManager()print(mgr.find_cross_links('science', 'kinematics'))print(mgr.adapt_for_age(4, '学习加法'))

class LearningAnalytics:    def __init__(self):        self.students = {}        def add_student(self, name, grade):        self.students[name] = {'grade': grade, 'topics': {}, 'sessions': 0, 'total_time': 0}        def record_session(self, name, topic, correct, total, time_min):        s = self.students[name]        s['sessions'] += 1        s['total_time'] += time_min        s['topics'][topic] = {'correct': correct, 'total': total, 'accuracy': correct / total if total > 0 else 0}        def class_dashboard(self):        dashboard = {}        for name, s in self.students.items():            avg_acc = sum(t['accuracy'] for t in s['topics'].values()) / max(len(s['topics']), 1)            dashboard[name] = {'avg_accuracy': round(avg_acc, 2), 'sessions': s['sessions']}        return dashboard        def identify_struggling(self, threshold=0.5):        struggling = []        for name, s in self.students.items():            weak = [t for t, d in s['topics'].items() if d['accuracy'] < threshold]            if weak:                struggling.append({'student': name, 'weak_topics': weak})        return struggling analytics = LearningAnalytics()analytics.add_student('小明', 7)analytics.add_student('小红', 7)analytics.record_session('小明', '一元方程', 3, 10, 20)analytics.record_session('小明', '因式分解', 8, 10, 15)analytics.record_session('小红', '一元方程', 9, 10, 18)print(f'Dashboard: {analytics.class_dashboard()}')print(f'Struggling: {analytics.identify_struggling()}')

class KhanmigoEngine:    def __init__(self):        self.students = {}        self.knowledge_graph = {}        self.safety_rules = ['no essay writing', 'no direct answers', 'age appropriate']        def register_student(self, name, grade, subjects):        self.students[name] = {'grade': grade, 'subjects': subjects, 'mastery': {}, 'sessions': 0}        def add_topic(self, topic, prereqs):        self.knowledge_graph[topic] = {'prereqs': prereqs, 'mastery_avg': 0}        def socratic_response(self, student_name, topic, answer):        mastery = self.students[student_name]['mastery'].get(topic, 0)        if answer == 'correct':            return '很好！能解释你的思路吗？'        elif mastery < 0.5:            return f'让我们回顾{topic}的基础。什么是核心概念？'        else:            return '接近了！检查一下你的第二步。'        def diagnose_weakness(self, student_name, topic):        node = self.knowledge_graph.get(topic, {})        for prereq in node.get('prereqs', []):            m = self.students[student_name]['mastery'].get(prereq, 0)            if m < 0.6:                return prereq        return topic        def class_summary(self):        summary = {}        for name, s in self.students.items():            avg = sum(s['mastery'].values()) / max(len(s['mastery']), 1)            summary[name] = round(avg, 2)        return summary        def safety_filter(self, query):        blocked = ['write my essay', 'do my homework', 'write paper for me']        return not any(b in query.lower() for b in blocked) engine = KhanmigoEngine()engine.register_student('小明', 7, ['math', 'science'])engine.add_topic('linear_eq', ['algebra_expr'])engine.add_topic('quadratic_eq', ['linear_eq', 'factoring'])engine.students['小明']['mastery'] = {'algebra_expr': 0.8, 'linear_eq': 0.7, 'factoring': 0.3}print(engine.socratic_response('小明', 'linear_eq', 'wrong'))print(f'Weakness: {engine.diagnose_weakness("小明", "quadratic_eq")}')print(f'Class: {engine.class_summary()}')print(f'Safe: {engine.safety_filter("help me solve x+2=5")}')